Researchers from the University of Kent want to hear from elite cyclists who are willing to take potentially performance-enhancing painkillers in the name of science, namely to help inform the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) if the drugs should be banned.

The study is being conducted on behalf of WADA by researchers from University of Kent’s School of Natural Sciences, leading to the somewhat bizarre call-out for cyclists who want to take strong painkillers tapentadol and dihydrocodeine.

The randomised controlled trial began on 1 March and will run for a year, some participants to be given the drugs and others a placebo before having their pain awareness, motor skills and performance tested as part of a study that could see the painkillers added to WADA’s banned list as soon as January 2027.

University study seeks cyclists to take painkillers
University study seeks cyclists to take painkillers (Image Credit: University of Kent)

A report about the study was shown on BBC South East’s news coverage last week, Professor Lex Mauger explaining that the painkillers’ strength is what makes them potentially dangerous in a sport like cycling.

He said: “It’s actually illegal in the UK to drive or operate heavy machinery having taken these drugs. So, because of that, and because someone who’s riding a bike, for example, and riding that bike at very fast speeds in close proximity to a competitor, that impact of motor control could have potentially quite significant effects on the safety of the athlete, either through themself crashing or crashing into their competitors.”

The university was also involved in the study, between 2020 and 2022, which led to tramadol being banned by WADA in 2024, although it was already banned in cycling in 2019. In 2022, Nairo Quintana was sanctioned by the UCI for a tramadol infringement at that year’s Tour de France.

It has been suggested that the two painkillers being tested here are ten times stronger than tramadol, the study assessing if they are performance enhancing, if they could potentially harm an athlete, and whether taking them is against the spirit of the sport.

> UCI concerned new drug “ten times more powerful than tramadol” could be used by professional cyclists to mask fatigue during races, report suggests

In 2024, a Swiss newspaper reported that the painkiller tapentadol — a “very powerful” drug used to treat extreme pain, often in cases of severe osteoarthritis or bone cancer —  could be one of the UCI’s current main doping concerns.

The Movement for Credible Cycling has urged the authorities to introduce a ban on the substance, the very powerful painkilling abilities making it a potentially attractive shortcut for any riders inclined to use drugs to mask fatigue during races.

It is feared, on top of the moral question about improving performance through these means, that tapentadol may cause “very common” side effects such as a reduction in alertness, as well as dizziness and drowsiness, raising concerns about crashes. It was introduced by German pharmaceutical giant Grünenthal in 2011 and is generally used in a medical context in cases involving extreme and severe pain, such as for patients of serious osteoarthritis, diabetes or bone cancer.