With bikes in the news after Channel 5's portrayal of us cyclists as lawless killers, the BBC has gone after a bit of cycling-related website traffic with an article that asks the question 'How does a bike stay upright?'
Good question, you might say, and it is. But unfortunately the article doesn't get even close to answering it, and makes at least one serious error while failing to reach that destination.
After quite a lot of waffle about the gyroscopic effect of a spinning wheel, the piece concludes that this isn't actually what keeps a bike upright as it rolls along. It cites Dr Hugh Hunt from the University of Cambridge, as having built bikes with extra, contra-rotating wheels cancelling out the gyro effect of the wheels on the ground. Turns out they're still stable.
Rider skill, the article concludes, is what keeps a bike upright, which would be fine if it weren't for the fact that you can push a riderless bike off down a slope and above a certain speed it will keep going.
As well as failing to explain what keeps a moving bike upright, the Beeb repeats common misconception about wheels. It says: "when you sit on the bike, the axle pulls down on the rim and acts like an arch … you are, in effect, hanging off the rim of the wheel."
Except you're not. If that was how wheels worked, then the upper spokes in a loaded wheel would have higher tension than when not loaded. A few minutes with a spoke tensiometer reveals that they don't change, but in fact the tension in the lower spokes reduces.
This matters because it implies something important about building wheels: high tension is good. If the tension in a spoke drops to zero, the nipple is free to turn, allowing the wheel to go out of true. If several spokes end up with zero tension, the wheel can collapse because the spokes are no longer holding the rim in place.
A good wheelbuilder therefore builds with as much spoke tension as the rim can take, and well-designed rims have sturdy spoke beds to take the load from the nipples. If spokes increased in tension when a wheel's loaded none of this would matter, but observation confirms that under-tensioned wheels quickly develop problems and high-tension wheels don't.
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5 comments
"If that was how wheels worked, then the upper spokes in a loaded wheel would have higher tension than when not loaded. A few minutes with a spoke tensiometer reveals that they don't change, but in fact the tension in the lower spokes reduces."
This doesn't make sense. First part of the sentence says the tension doesn't change, then after the comma says tension reduces. If you are going to criticise other people's errors make sure your correction makes sense!
I think it's meant that the tension in the upper spokes doesn't change whereas the tension in the lower spokes does change.
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Endomondo, Garmin Connect, Runtastic, Suunto, MapMyRun | Walk | Ride | Hike & Polar Flow.
i read it as “Relieve” and was thinking “top spots to pee while you’re riding- that’s brilliant”
that peter fella is gold for our sport