Chris Boardman has called for public “anger and frustration” about road safety to be “pointed in the right direction”, and away from its current “easy” focus on cycling infrastructure and e-bikes, perpetuated he says by “sloppy” journalism and Reform UK’s divisive rhetoric.

Speaking to road.cc, the Active Travel England chief argued that concerns surrounding the perceived dangers of e-bikes – which he believes could be a game changer for encouraging people to take up cycling – should be placed within the wider road safety context, where the vast majority of deaths and injuries on the UK’s roads are caused by motorists.

The former Olympic champion also criticised the previous Conservative government for its swingeing active travel cuts, which he says were a “stain on its copy book”, but argued that the current Labour administration “really wants to make a difference” when it comes to active travel.

He also admitted that people are “nervous” about the recent electoral rise of Reform UK, which has positioned active travel projects as one of its many wedge issues following the party’s big local election gains – a move Boardman believes can be countered by shifting the narrative to focus on the beneficial, universally welcome outcomes of cycling and walking, and away from the often divisive and headline-grabbing means to achieve them.

Chris Boardman at COP29
Chris Boardman at COP29 (Image Credit: Chris Boardman)

Boardman’s call for a shift in the UK’s cycling narrative comes in the same week a new study revealed that young adults are more likely than ever before to travel by e-bike over cars or public transport.

The research, conducted by the Electric Bike Alliance for Bike Week, found that just under half of people aged 25 to 34 reckon they are more likely to buy an e-bike now than they were a year ago. Meanwhile, just over a fifth (20.47 per cent) of UK citizens of all ages say they now more likely to buy an e-bike and enter the world of sustainable transport.

“It’s an overused phrase, ‘game changing’, but that’s what this can be,” Boardman tells road.cc, when asked about the growing popularity of electric bikes among Millennials and Gen Zers.

“We’ve seen it in Europe, where a third of all bikes sold are e-bikes. That’s absolutely enormous and it’s taken us ages to cotton on to that.

“But in the last couple of years, particularly our younger generation have gone: ‘Hang on a minute, these are really good laugh. I get a bit of exercise. I don’t have to worry about hills or carrying a bag or headwinds, and my journey time is consistent, and it’s a lot cheaper than a car’.

“And for a plethora of different reasons, they are now choosing e-bikes over cars. And even in the last year, half of them are now saying they’re much more likely to buy an e-bike than they were just a year ago, so it’s coming at us really quickly.”

Dog in backpack with e-bike
Dog in backpack with e-bike (Image Credit: Rebecca Bland)

He continued: “The two barriers to cycling are that’s it got to be easy and it’s got to be safe. And e-bikes make it easy and that’s a key game changer. Like Lime bikes on the streets of London, they’re really expensive, but people don’t care, they’re just using them because it’s a good laugh and they’re familiar with it, and it’s nice and easy.

“So e-bikes are an amazing tool to get people into active travel and then they’ll go further and expand out into leisure and other things, so I’m quite excited by the prospect.”

“Context is really important”

However, the Electric Bike Alliance’s study also revealed that, among that 25-34 age range, only 63 per cent indicated they would be able to determine if an e-bike was road-legal, and nearly one in four current e-bike owners felt unable to distinguish between road-legal e-bike products and non-legal, potentially hazardous aftermarket alternatives.

The growth in popularity of e-bikes – both legal and illegally modified versions – in recent years has certainly contributed to this confusion, Boardman points out, something that has spilled over into the media and the general public, muddying the waters around the legality of electric bikes in general.

> “They’re technically motorcycles”: Police continue crackdown on illegal ‘e-bikes’ causing “persistent” issues in city centres

“In a sense these are all great problems to have,” Boardman says. “Because suddenly you’re swamped in them because of popularity. So, I’d much rather be coming in that direction. But because it’s happened really quickly, we haven’t kept up.

“Some of it is a trading standards problem, that we have got illegal and non-certified products coming into our market and people have said that they will buy batteries, chargers, bikes online if it’s cheaper, and they don’t mind if it’s non-brand.

“There’s a lot of risks associated with that, so I think there’s a government aspect to this, to legislate and properly police trading standards, so those products that are illegal don’t reach our market.”

This call for legislation to combat illegal e-bike products entering the UK is one that has been floating around Westminster in recent weeks and months. In May, Labour MP Tom Hayes urged the government to introduce stricter e-bike and e-scooter laws, arguing that the current “situation is unsafe” and that “battery safety, speeding, and enforcement” needs to be addressed “before more people are hurt”.

Last year, the CEO of folding bike manufacturer Brompton also called for a crackdown on “poor quality” e-bike batteries before public perception “snowballs into a world of fear” around e-bikes in general, a stance Boardman echoes.

Rayners Lane e-bike fire
Rayners Lane e-bike fire (Image Credit: Twitter video (Andy Calvert))

“Lithium battery fires are horrendous, and they make headlines – but there are 50,000 fires that the fire brigade attend each year at the moment, and lithium batteries of e-bikes are responsible for 0.07 per cent, so it’s a tiny fraction, but it will grow with popularity,” Boardman notes.

“And if you’ve ever seen a lithium fire, it is pretty horrific. You cannot put them out, you just have to wait until it’s spent. So, we need education around that.

“The simplest way around it is to go to a reputable bike shop and you buy a brand that you recognise. But when it comes to the difference between an e-bike and an e-motorbike, over half of people are saying ‘I don’t know what you’re talking about’. In its simplest terms, any bike which has an engine that cuts out at 15 miles an hour and you have to pedal is a pedal-assisted bike.

“If you see somebody who’s not pedalling and they’re going over 15 miles an hour, that’s an e-motorbike and if it hasn’t got a registration on it and the driver hasn’t got a licence, then it’s illegal.

“And we’re seeing a lot of that in delivery riders, the gig economy, and they just want the cheapest thing they can get, or they gaffer tape extra batteries to the bike. They just need to work and that’s the problem. I think that they need to address it.”

Nevertheless, the Active Travel Commissioner warns against diverting too much attention to e-bikes when, statistically, other road safety issues are much more pressing – despite repeated calls, including from the current Labour government, to introduce a new ‘dangerous cycling’ law with harsher sentences for cyclists who kill or injure pedestrians.

“We shouldn’t lose sight of the fact that 99.5 per cent of the deaths and serious injuries on our roads are caused by people in motor vehicles, so it is not a massive problem and that context is really important,” Boardman says.

“It’s just really sloppy journalism”

That context, however, was notably missing earlier this year, when a BBC Panorama special controversially warned that “chaos could be coming our way” thanks to the growing popularity of e-bikes.

Back in January, the broadcaster found itself on the receiving end of a furious backlash from cycling groups after it aired the Panorama episode, ‘E-Bikes: The Battle For Our Streets’, hosted by Adrian Chiles, which saw the former One Show host ask whether electric bikes are “a new menace in need of tighter regulation”.

The episode’s prolonged focus on illegally modified e-bikes – which exceed the maximum 250 watts and 15.5mph cut-off speed for electrically assisted pedal cycles (EAPCs) permitted under UK law to ride on public roads – and the failure to consistently and fully distinguish between these machines proved controversial, however, provoking some strong criticism from cycling campaigners and bike industry groups and attracting several complaints.

> “E-bikes are not illegal”: BBC hit with more complaints about “misleading and damaging” Panorama e-bike episode, as cycle shop owner says: “Finding a wolf in sheep’s clothing should not be a reason to attack sheep”

And you can now add England’s Active Travel Commissioner to that list of critics, Boardman viewing the programme as another example of the frustration surrounding safety on the UK’s road being pointed in the wrong direction.

“There is a really good story there, but it’s the wrong one at the moment. Why are those [illegal] products available when they shouldn’t be? It shouldn’t even be a choice,” Boardman notes.

Adrian Chiles riding an e-bike on BBC Panorama
Adrian Chiles riding an e-bike on BBC Panorama (Image Credit: BBC)

“But the Panorama stuff, which lumped e-motorbikes and e-bikes together, it’s just really sloppy journalism. And it’s a little bit embarrassing that they haven’t seen that there is a distinction.

“A really high-profile programme hasn’t made the distinction that these are two separate things, and that the police already have the powers to charge and dispose of those vehicles. And if that isn’t happening, then the story is why aren’t the police doing that?

“It’s my job to actually get that frustration and anger and make sure it’s pointing in the right direction – and at the moment it isn’t, because it’s easy.”

“I don’t want people to not be angry. I want the anger pointed in the right direction”

That “easy” approach to road safety, in which cycling becomes a punching bag for a certain brand of politician or media figure, is perhaps epitomised most vehemently at the moment by Reform UK, who targeted active travel initiatives as one of their many wedge issues on their way to sweeping success at last month’s local elections.

In April, Reform leader Nigel Farage criticised local councils “on the verge of bankruptcy” for wasting “tens of millions” of pounds on “cycle lanes that no one uses”.

And following the party’s big electoral gains, former chair Zia Yusuf pledged to remove all low traffic neighbourhoods (LTNs) from the areas it now controls – only for the local authorities in question to confirm that they do not, in fact, currently have any of the traffic-calming schemes in place, a gaffe that prompted opponents to brand Reform “utterly clueless about how to run a council”.

But Boardman is hopeful that, despite Reform’s hostile rhetoric, active travel will remain high on the list of priorities for local authorities and regional mayors.

> Reform UK branded “utterly clueless” after pledging to scrap LTNs – where none exist

“As ever with the media, you see a headline. And even if you’re quite savvy, you’re drawn to believe in it,” he tells road.cc. “I work closely with all the regional mayors, and these regions all have the same problems. Greater Manchester was paying £2.5 million a month treating inactivity alone and had 250 million car journeys every year of less than a kilometre, £800 million a year for dealing with collisions.

“They have all of these problems to deal with and this is the cheapest, easiest way to stop having those bills and those problems. So those regional mayors, and this where devolution really works, have gone for the cheapest, easiest fix, thanks very much. So, they’re still on that trail. They still absolutely want to do it.

“I think the rise of Reform has certainly got people nervous because it’s getting the headlines. Reform are looking to make pretty much anything into a wedge issue, even if it’s to the detriment of our own communities, and I think the way to counter that is to stop talking about cycling and walking, and talk about the outcome of cycling and walking.

“So if you say to local communities, ‘I want your children to have transport independence and the right and the freedom to be able to stay at after school clubs because they can come and go as they please’.

“If you ask parents or voters that question, then they get it and that’s something that matters to me. ‘I want to make sure every pavement in our region is usable by a parent with a double buggy or somebody in a wheelchair, who’s with me?’ Ask that question rather than, do you want to ban payment parking, because you’ll get a wholly different response.

“And this is something we’re really immature at is how we message. It’s not spin. It’s telling a data-driven story in a way that more people understand it and we have to get a lot better at that.

Chris Boardman
Chris Boardman (Image Credit: Allan McKenzie/SWpix.com)

“I don’t want people to not be angry. I want the anger pointed in the right direction. 200 miles from Westminster, 73 per cent of kids have the freedom to get around under their own steam every day and we are being denied that. So, if you frame it like that, I think you’ll find you’ve got awful lot of people on your side and the anger is appropriately directed.”

The Active Travel England chief, despite being a former world time trial champion, three-time Tour de France stage winner, and television pundit, admits he’s not been keeping up to speed with the professional side of the sport lately, his focus now firmly diverted to making the UK a safer, better place to ride any kind of bike.

And on that note, he was speaking to road.cc just minutes after it was confirmed that the Court of Appeal had ruled in favour of a legal challenge brought against the government over its brutal 2023 cuts to the walking and cycling budget.

In a decision considered pivotal to future long-term investment in active travel, the Court of Appeal unanimously agreed with the Transport Action Network (TAN) that the Conservative-led cuts – which slashed funding for active travel by two-thirds – were “outside the framework provided” by the Cycling and Walking Investment Strategy (CWIS) made under the 2015 Infrastructure Act.

This decision, campaigners said, “sets a new and timely precedent” ahead of Wednesday’s spending review.

However, Boardman is cautious about the long-term effects of the ruling, which he believes could possibly stifle big active travel pledges in the future – though he remains confident that the new Labour government has turned the page when it comes to cycling and walking in the UK.

Chris Boardman
Chris Boardman (Image Credit: Simon Wilkinson/SWpix.com)

“It isn’t a judgement against the Department for Transport. It was a political decision to cut the budget by two-thirds,” he says.

“If you keep your promises – and that’s the point of having a Cycling and Walking Investment Strategy, it’s a promise to the people – it changes nothing. But if you intend to break your promise, it’s quite problematic.

“My only worry about it is if people start thinking that the best way to not break a promise is to not make one – and that’s the possible bounce back from this that I would be a little bit worried about. But we’ve got a great transport secretary at the moment in Heidi Alexander, who’s delivered this stuff and we’ve got ministers who really want to make a difference.

“It’s a stain on the copy book of the last government for cutting budgets by two-thirds, it is not a stain on the Department for Transport or this government – and if they intend to keep their promises, all is well and good.”