Support road.cc

Like this site? Help us to make it better.

news

Invisible cyclists: Eye-tracking experiment finds drivers don't see more than 1 in 5 riders (+ video)

Younger drivers, women and sat-nav users most likely not to see cyclists

More than one in five cyclists go unseen by motorists on the road, according to an experiment using eye tracking technology conducted for the insurance company Direct Line, confirming the extent of the ‘SMIDSY’ – ‘Sorry mate, I didn’t see you. Younger drivers missed spotting nearly one in three riders, and female motorists one in four. By contrast, just 4 per cent of what Direct Line terms "jaywalking" pedestrians were not seen, and 15 per cent of motorcyclists.

Motorists who took part in the experiment wore “specialist glasses that pinpoint the exact focus of the eye by tracking microscopic movements in the cornea,” said the company, adding that film footage “enabled researchers to establish exactly where drivers focus their vision, which was often at clouds, buildings and passers-by.” Here’s a short video of it in operation.

The experiment was conducted in three cities – London, Oxford, and Sheffield – and according to Direct Line the issue is most prevalent in the capital, where motorists fail to see three in ten cyclists.

That’s despite the growth in cycling in the city in recent years, that suggests we’re some way from seeing a ‘Safety in numbers’ effect kick in there, whereby the more people there are on bikes, the more motorists are likely to register their presence and drive accordingly.

In Oxford, which has the second highest levels of cycling in England after Cambridge, 20 per cent of riders went unseen, and in Sheffield, 15 per cent.

Researchers found examples of motorists taking their eyes of the road to adjust sat-nav devices and in one case navigate using a hand-held smartphone, and Direct Line says that 24 per cent of riders are “invisible” to drivers using a sat-nav device, compared to 19 per cent where the motorist does not use one.

The biggest difference in the proportion of drivers registering the presence of cyclists was by age.  Some 21 per cent of cyclists were unnoticed by those aged 50 or over, but 31 per cent among motorists aged between 20 and 29 years. Again, that’s a cause for concern given that younger people have better eyesight on the whole.

Vicky Bristow, spokesperson for Direct Line car insurance said “For the first time we know exactly where people focus their eyes when driving and the results are frightening.

“UK roads are busy and congested and as a result millions of cyclists are going unseen.

“Blaming motorists seems like an easy option, but this issue can only be really addressed if both motorists and cyclists accept responsibility.

“Encouraging all road users to be extra vigilant will certainly improve road safety but tackling an issue of this scale really requires top-down change.

“Successive governments have encouraged local authorities to adopt policies to make cycling safer in the past but our research highlights that this issue is still widespread.”

Drivers                 % that failed to spot cyclists

Sat nav drivers                     23.7
Non-sat nav drivers                 19.0
Female drivers                      25.6
Male drivers                        17.1
Drivers aged 20-29                  31.1
Drivers aged 30-39                  20.7
Drivers aged 40-49                  21.6
Drivers aged 50-59                  20.9
All drivers                         22.0 

Source: Direct Line Motor Insurance

One thing we wondered was whether the cyclist wearing hi-viz clothing had any impact on their visibility to motorists – a subject of some debate in comments to stories here on road.cc - so we asked Direct Line whether the clothing cyclists sported had any impact.

The company told us that the study considered a lot of data, including speed cameras, pedestrians, road signs etc, and the lack of vigilance motorists display towards cyclists was what it chose to focus on.

It added that had the survey been commissioned specifically into cyclists, then that would have been one of the areas it would have looked at, and that it is likely to undertake such research in the future.

As for that comment in the first paragraph about "jaywalking" pedestrians, the term of course is widely used in the United States where there are much more severe restrictions on where pedestrians can legally cross a road compared to England, Wales and Scotland; here, pedestrians are not allowed on motorways, but other than that can cross the road except where a specific 'no pedestrians' sign is in place, although official advice is for them to wait until it is safe to do so. Jaywalking is an offence in Northern Ireland, but one that is rarely enforced.

 

Simon joined road.cc as news editor in 2009 and is now the site’s community editor, acting as a link between the team producing the content and our readers. A law and languages graduate, published translator and former retail analyst, he has reported on issues as diverse as cycling-related court cases, anti-doping investigations, the latest developments in the bike industry and the sport’s biggest races. Now back in London full-time after 15 years living in Oxford and Cambridge, he loves cycling along the Thames but misses having his former riding buddy, Elodie the miniature schnauzer, in the basket in front of him.

Add new comment

45 comments

Avatar
vexedveloist | 10 years ago
0 likes

Cyclists are not invisible, drivers are not looking.

Avatar
rich22222 | 10 years ago
0 likes

Obvious conclusions from this are that cyclists should all be wrapped in cotton wool.
This will both protect them in an accident and make them look like more visible clouds.

Avatar
Bob's Bikes | 10 years ago
0 likes

So it would seem that if we cover our hi viz in cotton wool it will stop us being a danger to all those car drivers.

Vicky Bristow, spokesperson for the car insurance company said

“For the first time we know exactly where people focus their eyes when driving and the results are frightening.

“Blaming motorists seems like an easy option, but this issue can only be really addressed if both motorists and cyclists accept responsibility.

Well vicky all I can say is; it's not only an easy option but in this case with all the evidence from your study it is the ONLY option.

Avatar
Global Nomad | 10 years ago
0 likes

I would like to see the same test done for cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians so that there is a broad view ( no pun intended) of how much or how little we all observe. As a long time cyclist in London I am always surprised how many cyclists are unaware of how traffic and pedestrians are moving around them. As someone noted above, you need to ride so that you can be seen but equally you need to ride with anticipation and focus. Putting yourself in a dangerous position because you haven't learnt to read the movement of vehicles can make you as culpable as the driver. It's all shared space and everyone needs to look out for each other.

Avatar
andyp | 10 years ago
0 likes

terrible headline, even worse comments. Bad science at its best.

Avatar
Gkam84 | 10 years ago
0 likes

I had an interesting chat with the MET police yesterday, they are up here all the time on royal protection and one of their drivers put right out and almost got my in the mini bus.

For a change I was fully light up, had my flat on, was wearing light coloured clothing.

So flagged him over for a chat. It seems and I did see his point of view. He was looking, I know that, when he looked to see anything coming down the road, a car had just pasted and blocked his view of me, even with the flag at around 5.5ft from the ground. Fair enough, I am not the most visible that low down, I have quick reactions, which saved me going into the side of the van. If it had been a kid at a similar height to my recumbent, they would have been squashed, I made that point, it was taken on board and we went on our way. Really nice guys the MET  4

Avatar
Dog72 | 10 years ago
0 likes

Eye Contact & always riding, when solo, with Flashing lights are a practical option. Neither are cure all.
Slightly more outlandish options would An Obama style motorcade or a Team Badged Skoda with 2 motor bikes outriders. With Partridge Harmon on a Tannoy berating your pedalling style. With Big Maggy chipping in with “ Yeaah Its not the best” on loop.

Avatar
rJD | 10 years ago
0 likes

Certainly not a 'cure-all' for the problem but I make a point of trying to make eye contact with drivers at junctions - it's really incredible how much of a difference it makes in getting them to notice you!

Avatar
Dr. Ko | 10 years ago
0 likes
Avatar
mrmo | 10 years ago
0 likes

i guess one solution is to slow cars down, at least if they do hit something they will do it slowly and cause less damage.

bring back the red flag man!

Avatar
CotterPin | 10 years ago
0 likes

Ride in the driver's eyeline rather than over to the left, and turn your head to look behind you periodically (make sure the road is clear ahead). The latter can make the driver become aware of you and pass you safely, or will give you a clue if they are on autopilot and so you might need to take action.

Avatar
Simmo72 | 10 years ago
0 likes

I would like to the see the make/model of vehicle involved in an accident with a cyclist. I would wager a fecking great big 4x4;s are right up there as the owners are incapable of driving safely

Avatar
Argos74 | 10 years ago
0 likes

I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host of oh bloody hell where did those nuns on bikes come from?

Clouds? I mean, seriously, clouds?

Avatar
Bigcog | 10 years ago
0 likes

it's clear that we are often not seen. However, I would question the test based on peripheral visison. If I am looking at the car as the user was doing - I see the cyclist in my peripheral vision - that doesn't mean I don't register that they are there [just because I don't look directly at them]. Best advice is to ride with purpose and make your self seen - also don't ride very close to the curb as this will lead to motorists coming way too close (attemting to stay in lane whilst passing you).

Avatar
imaca replied to Bigcog | 10 years ago
0 likes

and that is probably the belief of most people, which is part of the problem, are huge overestimation of the functionality of their own vision. In fact, as others have pointed out a large part of what you think you see in your peripheral vision is simply the creation of your mind. If you read a scientific description of how your vision actually works, and how limited it is, you will be shocked.

Avatar
euanlindsay | 10 years ago
0 likes

Its also worth noting that drivers are almost equally not noticing motorcyclists. I've always thought that drivers only look for big boxes of metal.

They will happily see a 'cyclist but just not register their existence.

Avatar
Bing Bell replied to euanlindsay | 10 years ago
0 likes
euanlindsay wrote:

Its also worth noting that drivers are almost equally not noticing motorcyclists. I've always thought that drivers only look for big boxes of metal.

They will happily see a 'cyclist but just not register their existence.

"look for big boxes of metal"

You would think that would be the case but I know two people, one personally and the other a BBC radio presenter, who failed to notice a skip in the road and drove into it.

What chances do we cyclists have if there are drivers who cannot even see a skip!

Avatar
euanlindsay | 10 years ago
0 likes

So who wants to brainstorm ways of making drivers look at cyclists instead of clouds, buildings or what was likely lovely lassies? Its obviously my responsibility to make sure drivers pay attention to their driving.

Avatar
joemmo | 10 years ago
0 likes

It seems like allowing sat navs into the car has normalised the use of gadgets at the wheel, I think a lot of people think it is perfectly ok to use a smartphone while driving. after all its just a box with a screen on

Also astonished to see promotion for 'in car wifi' or 'google send to car' features in new cars and a whopping great touchscreen in the centre console - it's just insane putting those kind of distractions in front of a driver. Surely there must be some legislation about what can and can't be placed there?

Avatar
Simmo72 replied to joemmo | 10 years ago
0 likes

Agree. I tested some new cars recently and was shocked at the new touch screen functionality. firsty its distracting as there is a vast amount of functionality and secondly its positioned so badly it takes your eye completely off the road. Yes VW Golf, a terrible piece of design. I refused to buy on these grounds.

Avatar
kitkat replied to Simmo72 | 10 years ago
0 likes
Simmo72 wrote:

Agree. I tested some new cars recently and was shocked at the new touch screen functionality. firsty its distracting as there is a vast amount of functionality and secondly its positioned so badly it takes your eye completely off the road. Yes VW Golf, a terrible piece of design. I refused to buy on these grounds.

I second this, i drove a new golf on hire and the touch screen was a nightmare to use. It might be intuitive once you're used to it but trying to do it while unfamiliar and driving just felt dangerous.

Avatar
Matt eaton replied to kitkat | 10 years ago
0 likes
kitkat wrote:
Simmo72 wrote:

Agree. I tested some new cars recently and was shocked at the new touch screen functionality. firsty its distracting as there is a vast amount of functionality and secondly its positioned so badly it takes your eye completely off the road. Yes VW Golf, a terrible piece of design. I refused to buy on these grounds.

I second this, i drove a new golf on hire and the touch screen was a nightmare to use. It might be intuitive once you're used to it but trying to do it while unfamiliar and driving just felt dangerous.

I drive a VW Passat and can relate to these comments however I think that the problem is not with the technology itself but the way that it is used. I use the Sat Nav a lot but would never try to program it whilst actually driving the car and the same goes for all Sat Nav systems. The same goes for the other functionality; I wouldn't adjust the levels on the stereo or seach for a previously undicovered DAB radio station whilst driving either. The point about screen location is a fair one but I question if windscreen monuted Sat Navs are any better as they block the view of the road. Overall I think that Sat Nav is much better than the alternative: a map book open on the passenger seat. There should be much better education on how to use these systems. Points could include:
1. Program Sat Nav only when parked
2. LISTEN to the Sat Nav. Avoid visually consulting the screen where possible
3. Look at road signs! Sat Nav is only one aid to navigation and shouldn't be followed blindly.

Avatar
Sudor | 10 years ago
0 likes

That film footage is bloody terrifying

Avatar
cidermart | 10 years ago
0 likes

Well they can't very well blame the people who pay them their wages can they so the two wheeled demons, who apparently don't even pay for the roads, can take some responsibility for their own injuries. I do despair  14

Avatar
Carl | 10 years ago
0 likes

Hey Crazy-Legs, thanks for posting the pilot article...well worth a read.

Makes me much more inclined to have flashing lights during the day as well as night.

Avatar
kitkat | 10 years ago
0 likes

The only thing about this is how do you know what the brain is recieving on the peripehery? From the video there's a cyclist heading in the same direction as the car and they never recieve a red dot of attention but it doesn't mean that the driver doesn't know they are there.

Avatar
Yennings | 10 years ago
0 likes

Typo in the headline on homepage, FYI: CYLISTS rather than cyclists, presumably?

Avatar
crazy-legs | 10 years ago
0 likes

This article:
http://www.londoncyclist.co.uk/raf-pilot-teach-cyclists/ was also a very interesting read on what drivers do and don't see - it came form the perspective of an RAF fighter pilot, someone who knows a thing or two about seeing hazards and reacting in microseconds! Very similar conclusions to this study.

Avatar
jackh | 10 years ago
0 likes
Quote:

Blaming motorists seems like an easy option, but this issue can only be really addressed if both motorists and cyclists accept responsibility.

Bloody hell, did she even read the study?

It's also worth pointing out that there are pretty shocking stats for motorcycles too, lets not pretend this is limited to cyclists.

Another point is that the use of the term jaywalker, meaning a person crossing illegally (not possible in the UK AFAIK) or irresponsibly (of course, possible anywhere) is in my view pushes responsibility from the car driver onto the pedestrian crossing. What constitutes a jaywalker? Anyone crossing the road?

Avatar
HKCambridge replied to jackh | 10 years ago
0 likes
jackh wrote:

Another point is that the use of the term jaywalker, meaning a person crossing illegally (not possible in the UK AFAIK) or irresponsibly (of course, possible anywhere) is in my view pushes responsibility from the car driver onto the pedestrian crossing. What constitutes a jaywalker? Anyone crossing the road?

Would guess a pedestrian crossing where there is no crossing, or crossing against the lights. Which is more of a mouthful.

But yes, not really relevant terminology in UK.

Pages

Latest Comments